Written fromR.K. Bali, chapter 8, Area Control Service Phraseology
An area clearance defines the route, clearance limit, level and any conditions that keep an aircraft separated from other traffic. Read back every operational element and treat an amendment as a precise replacement, not a reason to discard the unaffected clearance.
Issuing and amending a clearance
Phrase
Use
(unit) CLEARS (aircraft callsign)
Introduces a clearance relayed by another station.
(aircraft callsign) CLEARED TO (limit) VIA (route)
States the clearance limit and authorised routing.
RECLEARED (amendment) REST OF CLEARANCE UNCHANGED
Replaces only the stated part. Every other part remains valid.
RECLEARED (amended route) TO (point) REST OF CLEARANCE UNCHANGED
Changes a route segment and rejoins the original clearance at the named point.
ADVISE IF ABLE TO PROCEED DIRECT TO (point)
Asks whether the aircraft can accept a direct routing.
CLEARED DIRECT (point)
Authorises the direct track to the named point.
CLEARED TO (point), FLY HEADING (three digits)
Combines a limit with an assigned heading.
ENTER CONTROLLED AIRSPACE VIA (point) AT (level or time)
Authorises entry by the specified gate and condition.
LEAVE CONTROLLED AIRSPACE VIA (point) AT (level)
Defines the point and level for exit.
JOIN (route) AT (point) AT (level or time)
Authorises the aircraft to join the stated ATS route.
Route expressions and unavailable routes
A route may be described FROM one location TO another, followed by DIRECT, VIA route designators or significant points, FLIGHT PLANNED ROUTE, or VIA a specified DME arc. If the requested route is unavailable, ATC states ROUTE NOT AVAILABLE DUE reason, gives the alternative route or routes and says ADVISE.
Airborne flight plan
A pilot may file an airborne flight plan, preferably on a flight information frequency rather than a busy control channel. The message contains aircraft identification and type, position and heading, level and flight conditions, departure aerodrome, estimated time at the entry point, route and first intended landing, true airspeed and desired level on the airway or advisory route. A pilot may cancel IFR in flight, but ATS first passes any known weather that could make continued VMC unlikely.
From
Transmission
Aircraft
MANGALORE CONTROL, VICTOR TANGO NOVEMBER ALFA GOLF, REQUEST FILE FLIGHT PLAN.
Control
VICTOR TANGO NOVEMBER ALFA GOLF, MANGALORE CONTROL, READY TO COPY.
Aircraft
VICTOR TANGO NOVEMBER ALFA GOLF, A THREE TWO ZERO, THREE FOUR ZERO RADIAL MANGALORE VOR AT EIGHT FIVE DME, HEADING ONE SIX ZERO, FLIGHT LEVEL ONE SEVEN ZERO, IMC, DEPARTED MUMBAI ONE TWO ZERO NINER FOR BANGALURU, ROUTE WHISKEY ONE FIVE, ESTIMATING CONTROL BOUNDARY ONE FOUR, MANGALORE VOR ONE SIX, DIRECT BANGALURU, ETA ONE TWO FOUR ONE, TRUE AIRSPEED FOUR EIGHT ZERO KNOTS, REQUEST FLIGHT LEVEL ONE NINER ZERO.
Cancelling an IFR flight plan
From
Transmission
Aircraft
BENGALURU CONTROL, VICTOR ALFA GOLF, CANCELLING MY IFR FLIGHT PLAN, PROCEEDING VFR, ESTIMATING CHENNAI AT ONE THREE FIVE TWO.
Control
VICTOR ALFA GOLF, IFR FLIGHT PLAN CANCELLED AT TIME TWO SEVEN, CONTACT CHENNAI RADIO ONE SEVEN NINER ZERO SEVEN.
Control
VICTOR ALFA GOLF, IMC REPORTED IN THE VICINITY OF BHOPAL.
Aircraft
ROGER, REMAINING IFR, VICTOR ALFA GOLF.
Interactive Clearance amendment logic
Selected instructionCLEARED TO VIA
EffectNew clearance limit and route
Select a chip to see whether the instruction creates, amends or shortens the route clearance.
Amend only what ATC changedREST OF CLEARANCE UNCHANGED preserves the original level, route and conditions that were not replaced.
Level assignment, cruise and Mach technique
15 min read
Written fromR.K. Bali, chapter 8, Area Control Service Phraseology
Area Control can assign a level immediately, attach a time or position condition, restrict a crossing level, clear a block of levels or regulate high-level longitudinal spacing by Mach number.
Level phrase
Operational meaning
MAINTAIN FLIGHT LEVEL (number)
Remain at the assigned flight level until recleared.
CLIMB TO or DESCEND TO FLIGHT LEVEL (number)
Leave the present level and maintain the new one.
CLIMB or DESCEND TO REACH (level) BY (time or point)
Achieve the assigned level no later than the stated time or position.
CROSS (point) AT (level)
Cross the named point at the exact assigned level.
CROSS (point) AT OR ABOVE (level)
Do not cross below the stated minimum.
CROSS (point) AT OR BELOW (level)
Do not cross above the stated maximum.
MAINTAIN BLOCK (lower level) TO (upper level)
Operate anywhere inside the cleared block and remain within both limits.
WHEN READY DESCEND TO (level)
Start descent when operationally ready, then comply with any report instruction.
DESCEND IMMEDIATELY TO (level) DUE TRAFFIC
Begin promptly because separation depends on the manoeuvre.
Requests, restrictions and reports
A pilot requests a change with callsign, present level, requested level and reason when useful. ATC may say REPORT LEAVING, REPORT PASSING or REPORT REACHING. A request can be delayed with MAINTAIN the present level and EXPECT CLIMB or EXPECT DESCENT AFTER a point. If the new level is limited by traffic, ATC may state the restriction and offer an alternative.
From
Transmission
Aircraft
DELHI CONTROL, INDAIR FOUR ONE ONE, REQUEST CHANGE OF LEVEL FROM FLIGHT LEVEL TWO FOUR ZERO TO FLIGHT LEVEL TWO SIX ZERO DUE CUMULONIMBUS CLOUDS.
Control
INDAIR FOUR ONE ONE, CLEARED CLIMB TO FLIGHT LEVEL TWO SIX ZERO, REPORT REACHING.
Aircraft
LEAVING FLIGHT LEVEL TWO FOUR ZERO, WILL REPORT REACHING FLIGHT LEVEL TWO SIX ZERO, INDAIR FOUR ONE ONE.
Aircraft
INDAIR FOUR ONE ONE, FLIGHT LEVEL TWO SIX ZERO, TIME TWO THREE.
Control
JET AIRWAYS ONE TWO ZERO, DESCEND TO FLIGHT LEVEL ONE TWO ZERO, CROSS SIERRA SIERRA BRAVO FLIGHT LEVEL ONE SEVEN ZERO OR ABOVE.
Aircraft
LEAVING FLIGHT LEVEL TWO ZERO ZERO FOR FLIGHT LEVEL ONE TWO ZERO, WILL CROSS SIERRA SIERRA BRAVO FLIGHT LEVEL ONE SEVEN ZERO OR ABOVE.
Mach number technique
At high level, ATC may use Mach number technique to preserve longitudinal spacing. The pilot reports with REPORT MACH NUMBER and complies with MAINTAIN MACH (number). A Mach instruction is read back and maintained until amended. Speed adjustments are normally expressed in increments of 0.01 Mach. If turbulence or aircraft limitations prevent compliance, say UNABLE MACH and state the speed that can be maintained.
Interactive Mach number sweep
Selected speedMach 0.78
PhraseMAINTAIN MACH DECIMAL SEVEN EIGHT
Move through the continuous high-level speed range in standard 0.01 Mach increments.
Crossing restrictions are limitsAT OR ABOVE and AT OR BELOW define the protected side of a level. Repeat the point, level and qualifier in the read-back.
Position reports, estimates and flow management
15 min read
Written fromR.K. Bali, chapter 8, Area Control Service Phraseology
A position report updates the controller's traffic prediction. A revised estimate updates the time model. Flow-management messages then align the flight with runway, route and sector capacity.
Order
Position-report element
Example
1
Aircraft callsign
INDAIR FOUR ONE ONE
2
Present position
ALPHA
3
Time over position
ONE ZERO FOUR TWO
4
Level and change if applicable
FLIGHT LEVEL THREE THREE ZERO
5
Next position and estimate
BRAVO ONE ONE ZERO EIGHT
6
Ensuing significant point
CHARLIE NEXT
Progress and estimate phraseology
Phrase
Purpose
REPORT PASSING (point)
Requires a report when the named point is crossed.
NEXT REPORT AT (point)
Names the next required report.
REQUEST POSITION
Controller asks for the aircraft's present position.
REPORT ETA (point)
Requires the current estimate for a named point.
REVISED ETA (point) (time)
Replaces an earlier estimate when the change is operationally significant.
OMIT POSITION REPORTS
Suspends routine reports while surveillance or another procedure provides progress.
RESUME POSITION REPORTING
Restores routine reporting.
Flow management and slots
A calculated take-off time coordinates departure with downstream capacity. A flight subject to a slot should plan start, pushback and taxi to meet the CALCULATED TAKE-OFF TIME, commonly called CTOT. If unable, report immediately so ATC can coordinate a revision. En route, flow control may ask an aircraft to lose time, change speed, accept a parallel offset or cross a point by a stated time. The pilot replies AFFIRM only if able and UNABLE with the reason when not.
Transfer at an FIR boundary
Control responsibility changes at the agreed point or time. Phraseology may state CONTROL TRANSFERRED TO (unit) AT (time or point), followed by a frequency change. The receiving unit needs callsign, SSR code when applicable, aircraft type, estimate for the boundary point, level, route and any restriction. If the estimate changes, send a revision promptly.
Oceanic position reporting
Where radar or ADS coverage is absent, oceanic reports preserve separation. Give callsign, position and UTC, level, next position with estimate, and ensuing point. Include Mach number when assigned, plus significant weather deviation or inability to maintain the clearance. Read back the complete oceanic clearance, including route or track, flight level, Mach number and entry time.
Interactive Position-report builder
Selected elementCallsign
Report so farINDAIR 411
Select each numbered chip to assemble the report in the standard order.
Estimates protect separationA revised ETA is not administrative detail. It changes the controller's prediction of where two aircraft will be at the same time.
Joining, crossing, leaving and holding en route
15 min read
Written fromR.K. Bali, chapter 8, Area Control Service Phraseology
Aircraft outside an airway need a positive clearance to join or cross it. The request must give enough information for Area Control to fit the aircraft into traffic already established on the route.
Joining or crossing request
Include identification, aircraft type, level and flight conditions, estimate for the joining or crossing point, desired level, route and first intended landing, true airspeed and the words REQUEST CROSSING CLEARANCE or REQUEST JOINING CLEARANCE. Choose a point associated with a radio facility whenever possible. If no flight plan has been filed, include a full airborne flight plan. With an abbreviated flight plan already filed, an abbreviated call may be accepted.
From
Transmission
Aircraft
DELHI CONTROL, VICTOR TANGO BRAVO ALFA LIMA, BOEING SEVEN SEVEN SEVEN HEAVY, ONE SEVEN FIVE RADIAL INBOUND OF ALI VOR AT ONE FIVE DME, FLIGHT LEVEL TWO EIGHT ZERO, VMC, ESTIMATING ALI AT THREE TWO, ROUTE ROMEO FOUR SIX ZERO TO DELHI FROM ALI, ESTIMATING DPN FIVE TWO, TRUE AIRSPEED THREE FIVE ZERO KNOTS, REQUEST CLEARANCE TO JOIN ROMEO FOUR SIX ZERO AT ALI.
Control
VICTOR TANGO BRAVO ALFA LIMA, CLEARED TO DELHI, JOIN ROMEO FOUR SIX ZERO AT ALI TIME THREE TWO, MAINTAIN FLIGHT LEVEL TWO EIGHT ZERO, SQUAWK FIVE FIVE ZERO SEVEN.
Aircraft
CLEARED TO JOIN ROMEO FOUR SIX ZERO AT ALI AT THREE TWO, ENTER CONTROLLED AIRSPACE AT FLIGHT LEVEL TWO EIGHT ZERO, SQUAWKING FIVE FIVE ZERO SEVEN.
When the requested level is occupied
From
Transmission
Control
VICTOR TANGO BRAVO ALFA LIMA, REMAIN OUTSIDE CONTROLLED AIRSPACE, EXPECT JOINING CLEARANCE AT TIME FIVE FIVE.
Aircraft
REMAINING OUTSIDE CONTROLLED AIRSPACE.
Aircraft
REQUEST FLIGHT LEVEL TWO FOUR ZERO.
Control
UNABLE TO APPROVE FLIGHT LEVEL TWO FOUR ZERO, ALTERNATES ARE FLIGHT LEVEL TWO TWO ZERO OR TWO SIX ZERO, ADVISE.
Aircraft
WILL ACCEPT FLIGHT LEVEL TWO SIX ZERO.
Leaving controlled airspace
An aircraft normally receives a specific exit point and any restriction needed for separation. If leaving by descent, ATC can clear the lower altitude and require a report passing the airway base.
From
Transmission
Control
VICTOR TANGO BRAVO ALFA LIMA, CLEARED TO LEAVE CONTROLLED AIRSPACE AT SIERRA SIERRA BRAVO, FLIGHT LEVEL TWO TWO ZERO.
Aircraft
LEAVING CONTROLLED AIRSPACE AT SIERRA SIERRA BRAVO, FLIGHT LEVEL TWO TWO ZERO.
Aircraft
REQUEST DESCEND TO FOUR THOUSAND FEET AND LEAVE CONTROLLED AIRSPACE.
Control
CLEARED DESCEND TO FOUR THOUSAND FEET, REPORT PASSING FIVE THOUSAND FEET, QNH ONE ZERO ONE FOUR.
Aircraft
WILL REPORT PASSING FIVE THOUSAND FEET, QNH ONE ZERO ONE FOUR.
Crossing and en route holding
For crossing, ATC gives route, point, level and any report. If en route holding is required, the controller states the hold and time to expect onward clearance. Normally the pattern is based on the ATS route track. For an extended delay, the pilot may request a different hold.
From
Transmission
Control
VICTOR TANGO NOVEMBER ALFA GOLF, CLEARED TO CROSS ROMEO FOUR SIX ZERO AT ALI, MAINTAIN FLIGHT LEVEL NINER ZERO IN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE, REPORT ENTERING THE AIRWAY.
Aircraft
CLEARED TO CROSS ROMEO FOUR SIX ZERO AT ALI, MAINTAINING FLIGHT LEVEL NINER ZERO, WILCO.
Control
JET AIRWAYS ONE TWO ZERO, HOLD AT SIERRA SIERRA BRAVO FLIGHT LEVEL ONE SEVEN ZERO, EXPECT FURTHER CLEARANCE AT ZERO THREE, LANDING DELAY AT DELHI TWO ZERO MINUTES.
Aircraft
HOLDING AT SIERRA SIERRA BRAVO FLIGHT LEVEL ONE SEVEN ZERO, ROGER.
Aircraft
REQUEST EXTENDED HOLDING.
Control
HOLD BETWEEN JAIPUR AND ALPHA FLIGHT LEVEL ONE ZERO ZERO, RIGHT TURNS, EXPECT FURTHER CLEARANCE AT TWO ONE ONE ZERO.
Traffic information, ACAS and AIRPROX
15 min read
Written fromR.K. Bali, chapter 8, Area Control Service Phraseology
Area Control passes traffic information and issues separation clearances, but the crew must report an ACAS resolution advisory immediately and follow it. Serious proximity events are reported as AIRPROX with a formal classification and complete factual record.
Traffic and inability
Traffic information gives relative position, direction, level, type and movement as available. If the requested clearance cannot be issued, ATC may say UNABLE (clearance) DUE TRAFFIC and provide an alternative. A pilot unable to comply reports UNABLE with the operational reason. When a conflict has passed, say CLEAR OF CONFLICT and advise the level or clearance being resumed.
ACAS or TCAS resolution advisory
Stage
Pilot transmission
Meaning
RA begins
TCAS RA
The aircraft is responding to an airborne collision-avoidance command.
Unable due RA
UNABLE, TCAS RA
The aircraft cannot comply with the conflicting ATC instruction.
Conflict ends
CLEAR OF CONFLICT, RETURNING TO (assigned clearance)
The RA is over and the aircraft is returning to the prior clearance.
Alternative required
CLEAR OF CONFLICT, (assigned clearance) RESUMED, or request another clearance
Restores the controller's traffic picture.
Own separation in VMC
In daylight below 10,000 feet in the airspace classes permitted by procedure, a pilot may request climb or descent while maintaining own separation in VMC. The clearance includes essential traffic. The controller may say MAINTAIN OWN SEPARATION AND VMC through a stated level band.
From
Transmission
Aircraft
JET AIRWAYS THREE FOUR FIVE, REQUEST VMC DESCENT TO FLIGHT LEVEL SIX ZERO.
Control
JET AIRWAYS THREE FOUR FIVE, DESCEND TO FLIGHT LEVEL SIX ZERO, MAINTAIN OWN SEPARATION AND VMC FROM FLIGHT LEVEL NINER ZERO TO FLIGHT LEVEL SEVEN ZERO, TRAFFIC SOUTHBOUND ATR FLIGHT LEVEL EIGHT ZERO ESTIMATING ALPHA AT ZERO SEVEN.
Aircraft
LEAVING FLIGHT LEVEL ONE ZERO ZERO FOR FLIGHT LEVEL SIX ZERO, WILL MAINTAIN VMC AND OWN SEPARATION FROM FLIGHT LEVEL NINER ZERO TO FLIGHT LEVEL SEVEN ZERO, TRAFFIC AT FLIGHT LEVEL EIGHT ZERO.
Aircraft proximity classifications
Classification
Meaning
Risk of collision
A serious risk of collision existed.
Safety not assured
Safety may have been compromised.
No risk of collision
No collision risk existed.
Risk not determined
Evidence was insufficient, inconclusive or conflicting.
AIRPROX report contents
The initial report begins AIRPROX REPORT and is made by radio to the ATS unit in contact. If workload prevents acceptance, details are filed after landing. Confirm the report in writing within seven days. Include classification; callsign, type and SSR code; position; heading and true airspeed; level; altimeter setting; aircraft attitude; weather; UTC date and time; avoiding action; description of the other aircraft; first sighting distance; and both flight paths.
From
Transmission
Aircraft
KOLKATA CONTROL, AIRPROX REPORT, RISK OF COLLISION, VICTOR TANGO BRAVO ALFA LIMA, AIRBUS THREE ZERO ZERO, SQUAWKING THREE TWO ONE FOUR, POSITION ONE ZERO MILES NORTHWEST OF BRAVO, HEADING ONE FOUR FIVE, TRUE AIRSPEED FOUR EIGHT ZERO KNOTS, PASSING FLIGHT LEVEL TWO FIVE ZERO, ALTIMETER ONE ZERO ONE THREE, DESCENDING IN IMC TO FLIGHT LEVEL TWO ONE ZERO, TIME ZERO THREE FOUR TWO, AVOIDING ACTION AS PER RESOLUTION ADVISORY AND STOPPED DESCENT AT FLIGHT LEVEL TWO FIVE ZERO, SIGHTED AIR FORCE IL SEVEN SIX ON RECIPROCAL HEADING AT FLIGHT LEVEL TWO FOUR ZERO, APPROXIMATE AIRWAYS DISTANCE FOUR MILES, TRAFFIC CROSSED ONE THOUSAND FEET BELOW.
Weather deviation, relay and route replanning
14 min read
Written fromR.K. Bali, chapter 8, Area Control Service Phraseology
Weather, radio coverage and traffic can make the planned route unavailable. State the threat, the deviation needed and the point at which you can return. If direct contact fails, another aircraft may relay the message without changing its meaning.
Weather deviation
From
Transmission
Aircraft
DELHI CONTROL, INDAIR FOUR ONE ONE, REQUEST WEATHER DEVIATION UP TO TWO ZERO MILES RIGHT OF ROUTE DUE CUMULONIMBUS.
Control
INDAIR FOUR ONE ONE, DEVIATION RIGHT OF ROUTE UP TO TWO ZERO MILES APPROVED, WHEN ABLE PROCEED DIRECT ALPHA, REPORT BACK ON ROUTE.
Aircraft
DEVIATION RIGHT UP TO TWO ZERO MILES APPROVED, WHEN ABLE DIRECT ALPHA, WILL REPORT BACK ON ROUTE.
Control
UNABLE DEVIATION RIGHT DUE TRAFFIC, DEVIATION LEFT UP TO ONE FIVE MILES APPROVED, ADVISE.
Aircraft
UNABLE LEFT DUE WEATHER, REQUEST HOLD PRESENT POSITION.
Parallel offset and delay absorption
From
Transmission
Control
JET AIRWAYS THREE FOUR FIVE, ADVISE IF ABLE TO PROCEED PARALLEL OFFSET.
Aircraft
AFFIRM.
Control
PROCEED OFFSET ONE FIVE MILES RIGHT OF ROMEO FOUR SIX ZERO UNTIL ABEAM VARANASI.
Aircraft
PROCEEDING OFFSET ONE FIVE MILES RIGHT OF ROMEO FOUR SIX ZERO UNTIL ABEAM VARANASI.
Control
LANDING DELAYS AT KOLKATA, ADVISE IF ABLE TO LOSE TIME EN ROUTE.
Aircraft
AFFIRM.
Relay when another station is calling
From
Transmission
Aircraft
STATION CALLING AHMEDABAD, IFLY TWO ONE SIX, GO AHEAD WITH YOUR MESSAGE.
Aircraft
IFLY TWO ONE SIX, VICTOR TANGO BRAVO ALFA LIMA, AHMEDABAD NDB ALFA ONE FAILING TO CODE.
Aircraft
AHMEDABAD APPROACH, IFLY TWO ONE SIX, RELAYING FOR VICTOR TANGO BRAVO ALFA LIMA, AHMEDABAD NDB ALFA ONE FAILING TO CODE.
Aircraft
DELHI CONTROL, IFLY TWO ONE SIX, RELAYING FOR VICTOR TANGO BRAVO ALFA LIMA, POSITION JAIPUR ZERO THREE THREE FIVE, FLIGHT LEVEL TWO SEVEN ZERO, ESTIMATING CONTROL BOUNDARY ZERO THREE FIVE TWO.
Control
IFLY TWO ONE SIX, ADVISE VICTOR TANGO BRAVO ALFA LIMA TO MAINTAIN FLIGHT LEVEL TWO SIX ZERO AND REPORT CONTROL BOUNDARY.
Replanning for a line squall
When weather blocks the route, tell ATC the location and movement, state the requested re-route and file the amended flight plan. The controller coordinates with the next unit and returns the approval, ADC and FIC references when applicable. If descent cannot be approved at present position, ATC can instruct the aircraft to report over a fix and descend in the hold.
Deviation limitAn approval up to a distance from route is a boundary, not a target. Stay within it and report when back on route.
Worked en route situations and transfer
15 min read
Written fromR.K. Bali, chapter 8, Area Control Service Phraseology
These examples bring route, level, traffic, estimates and transfer together. Each response repeats the item that changes the aircraft's clearance and keeps the rest of the control picture intact.
Crossing by a time, revised estimate and inability
From
Transmission
Control
JET AIRWAYS ONE TWO ZERO, ADVISE IF ABLE TO CROSS SIERRA SIERRA BRAVO AT FIVE TWO.
Aircraft
AFFIRM.
Control
JET AIRWAYS ONE TWO ZERO, CROSS SIERRA SIERRA BRAVO FIVE TWO OR BEFORE.
Aircraft
WILL CROSS SIERRA SIERRA BRAVO FIVE TWO OR BEFORE.
Control
JET AIRWAYS THREE FOUR FIVE, REPORT REVISED ESTIMATE FOR LUCKNOW.
Aircraft
ESTIMATE LUCKNOW ONE ONE TWO FOUR.
Aircraft
MUMBAI CONTROL, IFLY TWO ONE SIX, UNABLE TO REACH FLIGHT LEVEL TWO FIVE ZERO AT DOTIP DUE WEIGHT, PASSING FLIGHT LEVEL TWO ZERO ZERO, REQUEST INSTRUCTIONS.
Control
IFLY TWO ONE SIX, CLIMB TO FLIGHT LEVEL TWO ONE ZERO, EXPECT FURTHER CLIMB AFTER DOTIP DUE RECIPROCAL TRAFFIC.
Area to Approach handoff
From
Transmission
Aircraft
DELHI CONTROL, IFLY TWO ONE SIX, AIRBUS THREE TWO ZERO, POSITION CONTROL BOUNDARY IDOLA ZERO TWO THREE ZERO, FLIGHT LEVEL THREE SIX ZERO, PRATAPGARH FIVE TWO, BODAR NEXT, REQUEST CHANGE TO MUMBAI CONTROL.
Aircraft
DELHI APPROACH, IFLY TWO ONE SIX, BOEING SEVEN THREE SEVEN, INFORMATION DELTA, TWO ZERO ZERO RADIAL OF DPN VOR AT TWO TWO DME, PASSING FLIGHT LEVEL SEVEN ZERO DESCENDING TO FLIGHT LEVEL FIVE ZERO, ESTIMATING DPN THREE SEVEN, REQUEST DESCEND TO THREE THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED FEET FOR ILS APPROACH RUNWAY TWO EIGHT.
Approach
IFLY TWO ONE SIX, RECLEARED TO THREE THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED FEET, CLEARED ILS APPROACH RUNWAY TWO EIGHT, QNH ONE ZERO ONE SIX, NUMBER FOUR IN LANDING SEQUENCE, EXPECTED APPROACH TIME FOUR TWO.
FIR boundary estimate and correction
From
Transmission
Aircraft
DELHI CONTROL, AIR INDIA FOUR ONE ZERO, AIRBORNE DELHI ZERO FOUR ZERO ZERO, CLIMBING TO FLIGHT LEVEL THREE TWO ZERO, TOP OF CLIMB ZERO FOUR ONE FIVE, ESTIMATING JAIPUR ZERO FOUR TWO FIVE, FIR BOUNDARY DELHI MUMBAI ZERO FIVE ZERO ZERO, BODAR ZERO FIVE THREE ZERO, ETA MUMBAI ZERO SIX ZERO ZERO.
Control
ROGER, JAIPUR ZERO FOUR TWO FIVE, FIR BOUNDARY DELHI MUMBAI ZERO FIVE ZERO ZERO, BODAR ZERO FIVE THREE ZERO, ETA MUMBAI ZERO SEVEN ZERO ZERO.
Aircraft
NEGATIVE, ETA MUMBAI ZERO SIX ZERO ZERO, AIR INDIA FOUR ONE ZERO.
Control
AIR INDIA FOUR ONE ZERO, CONTROL TRANSFERRED TO MUMBAI CONTROL AT BODAR, CONTACT ONE TWO FIVE DECIMAL NINER.
Weather re-route and descent in the hold
From
Transmission
Station
VICTOR ALFA LIMA, CHANDIGARH AND SARSAWA REPORTING VISIBILITY TWO ZERO ZERO METRES IN THUNDER SHOWERS, WEATHER WARNING UNTIL ONE THREE ZERO ZERO, REPORT INTENTIONS.
Aircraft
WOULD LIKE TO RE-ROUTE AND FILE A FLIGHT PLAN.
Station
VICTOR ALFA LIMA, READY TO COPY.
Station
VICTOR ALFA LIMA, REPORT OVER AMRITSAR. WILL COORDINATE FLIGHT PLAN WITH DELHI AND ADVISE.
Station
VICTOR ALFA LIMA, YOUR FLIGHT PLAN APPROVED, ADC GOLF ONE ZERO TWO AND FIC ZERO ONE TWO SEVEN.
Aircraft
NAGPUR CONTROL, KINGFISHER ONE TWO FOUR, UNABLE TO LOSE HEIGHT TO REACH NNP FLIGHT LEVEL FIVE ZERO, REQUEST PERMISSION TO DESCEND AT PRESENT POSITION TO FLIGHT LEVEL ONE ZERO ZERO IN LEFT ORBIT.
Control
KINGFISHER ONE TWO FOUR, UNABLE TO CLEAR DESCENT AT PRESENT POSITION DUE TRAFFIC, REPORT NNP FLIGHT LEVEL EIGHT ZERO AND DESCEND IN HOLD TO FLIGHT LEVEL FIVE ZERO.
En route mental modelEvery message answers one of five questions: where, when, what route, what level and what traffic constraint. If any answer changes, read that part back clearly.
Twelve questions to close the chapter
These original checks confirm the lesson; they do not affect mock-test scores.
Chapter 9 complete
Area Control and En Route is done.
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